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DNA Damage in the Cell and Mechanisms of Cancer: A Quick Overview Part I

by ScanTech Technical Consulting - CIH, CSP, BSEE, CHMM, MAC · Published July 7, 2014 · Updated December 21, 2021

EMF causes cancer. RF causes cancer. Smart meters cause cancer. Cell phones cause cancer.

Are these statements true and if so, how exactly do they work to cause malfunctions in cell replication? This is the science of etiology, or the causation mechanism of imbalance and disease including cancer.

Broken Chromosomes (at arrow points)

First, we have to understand how cancer can arise. Since there are around 130 different types of cancer each with a different metabolic and chemical pathway, it is beyond the scope of this website to address them all in detail. But some underlying themes regarding all cancers are:

1) The abnormal growth and replication of a single damaged cancerous cell through several stages into a malignant tumor which (if untreated) may metastasize and spread throughout the body.

2) Cell damage leading to cancer comes from a variety and / or combination of factors including genetic predispositions and environmental factors.

3) Environmental factors account for most (90% +) of all cancers and include air pollution, ionizing radiation, (including radon gas) carcinogenic chemicals, bacteria, viruses, tobacco use, diet and a lack of exercise. (lifestyle) Your body and the cells within it are constantly repairing damage from these conditions. This in combination with genetic predispositions determine the “tipping point” at which a rogue cell escapes or overruns the body’s ability to halt a cancerous cell as illustrated below:

DNA Damage Mechanisms and Repair with regard to Cancer: An Overview

BTW, exogenous damage means “from outside” while endogenous damage comes from chemical processes generated by the body.

4) It can be impossible to tell exactly what caused a particular cancer, as most cancers have more than one possible instigating agent. But in some cases, certain causes are more likely than others.

Some Carcinogens and Linked Cancers

A DNA adduct is a part of the DNA molecule which is covalently bonded with a carcinogenic molecule. Notice that there is more than one type of carcinogen that could be responsible for liver cancer, bladder cancer, and lung cancer. One carcinogen is found in Chinese herbs, while leukemia can also be induced by chemotherapy for other cancers. As this table illustrates, Western and Eastern medicine are not perfect.

The World Health Organization (WHO) lists both ionizing radiation (such as UV or Ultraviolet Light) as being a carcinogen and NON-IONIZING radiation (which would include EMF, RF, Cell Phones, Smart Meters, Microwaves, etc.) as being a POSSIBLE carcinogen though the mechanism through which that could happen is not known or proven.

As an aside, the difference between ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation is that ionizing radiation is a photon/electromagnetic wave with enough energy to knock electrons off of an atom (typically in the outer valence shell) so that a charged particle called an “ion” is created. The line between the two types is typically found in wavelengths of radiation shorter than 400 nm (nanometers) or in frequency terms around 700 THz. (Terahertz) At the frequency ranges of ionizing radiation or higher, it is common to express the photon or electromagnetic wave in terms of energy, which at the aforementioned boundary is slightly over 3 eV. (electron Volts)

Ionization of an Atom by Displacement of an Electron from a Radiation Event

Bond Broken Energy Required (eV or Electron Volts) Frequency Wavelength EMF Band Effect

Hydrogen Bond (weakest) 0.1 eV 24.8 THz 12.4 um Far Infrared IR-C heating which can denature proteins

Covalent Bond (molecular) 3.5 eV 846.3 THz 354 nm Ultraviolet UV-A disruption of cellular molecules

Electron Ionization of Hydrogen 13.6 eV 3288.5 THz 91.8 nm X-Ray / EUV creation of free radical species

https://www.unitsconverters.com/en/Ev-To-Hz/Utu-3462-3511

http://halas.rice.edu/conversions

Table 1. Representative Energies for Submicroscopic Effects (Order of Magnitude Only)
Rotational energies of molecules	10^{− 5}eV
Vibrational energies of molecules	0.1 eV
Energy between outer electron shells in atoms	1 eV
Binding energy of a weakly bound molecule	1 eV
Energy of red light	2 eV
Binding energy of a tightly bound molecule	10 eV
Energy to ionize an atom or molecule	10 to 1000 eV

Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum

So back to the original question – could EMF cause damage to a cell in such a way that cancer can arise? To answer that, we have to look at actual DNA damage in more detail which will be featured in the next post.

DNA Damage in the Cell and Mechanisms of Cancer: A Quick Overview Part II

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